Reference: Pledge
American
The Jewish law protected the poor who were obliged to give security for a loan or the fulfillment of a contract. If a man pawned his rove, the usual covering of the cool nights, it must be returned on the same day, Ex 22:26-27. The creditor could not enter a house and take what he pleased; and the millstone being a necessary of life, could not be taken, De 24:6,10-11. Compare Job 22:6; 24:3,7. Idolaters sometimes disregarded these prohibitions, Am 2:6-8. See LOANS. Pledges are necessary from the vicious, who cannot be trusted, Pr 20:16.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
If thou at all take thy neighbour's raiment to pledge, thou shalt deliver it unto him by that the sun goeth down: For that is his covering only, it is his raiment for his skin: wherein shall he sleep? and it shall come to pass, when he crieth unto me, that I will hear; for I am gracious.
No man shall take the nether or the upper millstone to pledge: for he taketh a man's life to pledge.
When thou dost lend thy brother any thing, thou shalt not go into his house to fetch his pledge. Thou shalt stand abroad, and the man to whom thou dost lend shall bring out the pledge abroad unto thee.
For thou hast taken a pledge from thy brother for nought, and stripped the naked of their clothing.
They drive away the ass of the fatherless, they take the widow's ox for a pledge.
They cause the naked to lodge without clothing, that they have no covering in the cold.
Take his garment that is surety for a stranger: and take a pledge of him for a strange woman.
Thus saith the LORD; For three transgressions of Israel, and for four, I will not turn away the punishment thereof; because they sold the righteous for silver, and the poor for a pair of shoes; That pant after the dust of the earth on the head of the poor, and turn aside the way of the meek: and a man and his father will go in unto the same maid, to profane my holy name: read more. And they lay themselves down upon clothes laid to pledge by every altar, and they drink the wine of the condemned in the house of their god.
Easton
See Loan.
Hastings
The taking of a pledge for the re-payment of a loan was sanctioned by the Law, but a humanitarian provision was introduced to the effect that, when this pledge consisted of the large square outer garment or cioak called simlah, it must be returned before nightfali, since this garment often formed the only covering of the poor at night (Ex 22:26 f., De 24:12 f.; cf. Am 2:8; Job 22:6; 24:9; Eze 18:7,12,16; 33:15). It was forbidden also to take the mill or the upper millstone as a pledge (De 24:6). In Isa 36:8 the reference is to a pledge to be forfeited if a wager is lost (cf. Revised Version margin). In I S17:18 'take their pledge' probably means 'bring back a token of their welfare' (Driver).
See Verses Found in Dictionary
If thou at all take thy neighbour's raiment to pledge, thou shalt deliver it unto him by that the sun goeth down:
No man shall take the nether or the upper millstone to pledge: for he taketh a man's life to pledge.
For thou hast taken a pledge from thy brother for nought, and stripped the naked of their clothing.
They pluck the fatherless from the breast, and take a pledge of the poor.
Now therefore give pledges, I pray thee, to my master the king of Assyria, and I will give thee two thousand horses, if thou be able on thy part to set riders upon them.
And hath not oppressed any, but hath restored to the debtor his pledge, hath spoiled none by violence, hath given his bread to the hungry, and hath covered the naked with a garment;
Hath oppressed the poor and needy, hath spoiled by violence, hath not restored the pledge, and hath lifted up his eyes to the idols, hath committed abomination,
Neither hath oppressed any, hath not withholden the pledge, neither hath spoiled by violence, but hath given his bread to the hungry, and hath covered the naked with a garment,
If the wicked restore the pledge, give again that he had robbed, walk in the statutes of life, without committing iniquity; he shall surely live, he shall not die.
And they lay themselves down upon clothes laid to pledge by every altar, and they drink the wine of the condemned in the house of their god.
Morish
The taking of articles as security for loans, etc. was very early practised, and restrictions were given in the law that no unfair advantage should be taken thereby. Ex 22:26; De 24:10-17; Job 22:6; 24:3,9; Am 2:8. In 2Ki 18:23 and Isa 36:8 the sense is 'to make an engagement or treaty.'
See Verses Found in Dictionary
If thou at all take thy neighbour's raiment to pledge, thou shalt deliver it unto him by that the sun goeth down:
When thou dost lend thy brother any thing, thou shalt not go into his house to fetch his pledge. Thou shalt stand abroad, and the man to whom thou dost lend shall bring out the pledge abroad unto thee. read more. And if the man be poor, thou shalt not sleep with his pledge: In any case thou shalt deliver him the pledge again when the sun goeth down, that he may sleep in his own raiment, and bless thee: and it shall be righteousness unto thee before the LORD thy God. Thou shalt not oppress an hired servant that is poor and needy, whether he be of thy brethren, or of thy strangers that are in thy land within thy gates: At his day thou shalt give him his hire, neither shall the sun go down upon it; for he is poor, and setteth his heart upon it: lest he cry against thee unto the LORD, and it be sin unto thee. The fathers shall not be put to death for the children, neither shall the children be put to death for the fathers: every man shall be put to death for his own sin. Thou shalt not pervert the judgment of the stranger, nor of the fatherless; nor take a widow's raiment to pledge:
Now therefore, I pray thee, give pledges to my lord the king of Assyria, and I will deliver thee two thousand horses, if thou be able on thy part to set riders upon them.
For thou hast taken a pledge from thy brother for nought, and stripped the naked of their clothing.
They drive away the ass of the fatherless, they take the widow's ox for a pledge.
They pluck the fatherless from the breast, and take a pledge of the poor.
Now therefore give pledges, I pray thee, to my master the king of Assyria, and I will give thee two thousand horses, if thou be able on thy part to set riders upon them.
And they lay themselves down upon clothes laid to pledge by every altar, and they drink the wine of the condemned in the house of their god.
Smith
Pledge.
[LOAN]
See Loan